docker-compose 服务启动依赖depends_on不够满足?
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docker-compose 用于构建本地开发环境是十分方便的,开发时使用docker-compose本地启动一组服务,然而对于一些特定到服务,简单到depends_on编排并不能貌似解决不了启动先后顺序问题,为啥呢?
(如何解决服务相互依赖,以及严格的启动顺序)
Install Docker
docker-compose is a tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications. With Compose, you use a YAML file to configure your application’s services. Then, with a single command, you create and start all the services from your configuration.
简单的docker-compose.yaml例子:
version: '2'
services:
postgres:
image: postgres
container_name: my_postgres
restart: unless-stopped
command:
- 'postgres'
- '-c'
- 'max_connections=100'
- '-c'
- 'shared_buffers=256MB'
environment:
POSTGRES_DB: my_db1
POSTGRES_USER: testuser
POSTGRES_PASSWORD: testpassword
ports:
- 5432:5432
volumes:
- pg-data:/data/postgresql
web:
image: web_service:v1
container_name: my_service
ports:
- 8080:8080
depends_on:
- postgres
volumes:
pg-data: {}
depends_on
depends_on does not wait for db and redis to be “ready” before starting web - only until they have been started. If you need to wait for a service to be ready, see Controlling startup order for more on this problem and strategies for solving it.
使用了depends_on在启动web这个容器是,并不会等待postgres容器进入ready状态,而只是等到它们被启动状态(running状态)了。 如果你需要等待直到postgres服务进入ready状态,需要额外的操作:wait-for 用来等待服务进入ready状态.
开始解决
1.首先可以到上面提到的github上面下载wait-for.sh 脚本
#!/bin/sh
# The MIT License (MIT)
#
# Copyright (c) 2017 Eficode Oy
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
# copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.
set -- "$@" -- "$TIMEOUT" "$QUIET" "$PROTOCOL" "$HOST" "$PORT" "$result"
TIMEOUT=15
QUIET=0
# The protocol to make the request with, either "tcp" or "http"
PROTOCOL="tcp"
echoerr() {
if [ "$QUIET" -ne 1 ]; then printf "%s\n" "$*" 1>&2; fi
}
usage() {
exitcode="$1"
cat << USAGE >&2
Usage:
$0 host:port|url [-t timeout] [-- command args]
-q | --quiet Do not output any status messages
-t TIMEOUT | --timeout=timeout Timeout in seconds, zero for no timeout
-- COMMAND ARGS Execute command with args after the test finishes
USAGE
exit "$exitcode"
}
wait_for() {
case "$PROTOCOL" in
tcp)
if ! command -v nc >/dev/null; then
echoerr 'nc command is missing!'
exit 1
fi
;;
wget)
if ! command -v wget >/dev/null; then
echoerr 'nc command is missing!'
exit 1
fi
;;
esac
while :; do
case "$PROTOCOL" in
tcp)
nc -z "$HOST" "$PORT" > /dev/null 2>&1
;;
http)
wget --timeout=1 -q "$HOST" -O /dev/null > /dev/null 2>&1
;;
*)
echoerr "Unknown protocol '$PROTOCOL'"
exit 1
;;
esac
result=$?
if [ $result -eq 0 ] ; then
if [ $# -gt 7 ] ; then
for result in $(seq $(($# - 7))); do
result=$1
shift
set -- "$@" "$result"
done
TIMEOUT=$2 QUIET=$3 PROTOCOL=$4 HOST=$5 PORT=$6 result=$7
shift 7
exec "$@"
fi
exit 0
fi
if [ "$TIMEOUT" -le 0 ]; then
break
fi
TIMEOUT=$((TIMEOUT - 1))
sleep 1
done
echo "Operation timed out" >&2
exit 1
}
while :; do
case "$1" in
http://*|https://*)
HOST="$1"
PROTOCOL="http"
shift 1
;;
*:* )
HOST=$(printf "%s\n" "$1"| cut -d : -f 1)
PORT=$(printf "%s\n" "$1"| cut -d : -f 2)
shift 1
;;
-q | --quiet)
QUIET=1
shift 1
;;
-q-*)
QUIET=0
echoerr "Unknown option: $1"
usage 1
;;
-q*)
QUIET=1
result=$1
shift 1
set -- -"${result#-q}" "$@"
;;
-t | --timeout)
TIMEOUT="$2"
shift 2
;;
-t*)
TIMEOUT="${1#-t}"
shift 1
;;
--timeout=*)
TIMEOUT="${1#*=}"
shift 1
;;
--)
shift
break
;;
--help)
usage 0
;;
-*)
QUIET=0
echoerr "Unknown option: $1"
usage 1
;;
*)
QUIET=0
echoerr "Unknown argument: $1"
usage 1
;;
esac
done
if ! [ "$TIMEOUT" -ge 0 ] 2>/dev/null; then
echoerr "Error: invalid timeout '$TIMEOUT'"
usage 3
fi
case "$PROTOCOL" in
tcp)
if [ "$HOST" = "" ] || [ "$PORT" = "" ]; then
echoerr "Error: you need to provide a host and port to test."
usage 2
fi
;;
http)
if [ "$HOST" = "" ]; then
echoerr "Error: you need to provide a host to test."
usage 2
fi
;;
esac
wait_for "$@"
2.在docker-compose.yml中引入脚本wait-for.sh
version: '2'
services:
postgres:
image: postgres
container_name: my_postgres
restart: unless-stopped
command:
- 'postgres'
- '-c'
- 'max_connections=100'
- '-c'
- 'shared_buffers=256MB'
environment:
POSTGRES_DB: my_db1
POSTGRES_USER: testuser
POSTGRES_PASSWORD: testpassword
ports:
- 5432:5432
volumes:
- pg-data:/data/postgresql
web:
image: web_service:v1
container_name: my_service
ports:
- 8080:8080
depends_on:
- postgres
volumes:
- ./wait-for.sh:/wait-for.sh
command: ["./wait-for.sh", "postgres:5432","--", "./app" ,"--config.path=config.json"]
volumes:
pg-data: {}
额外说明:
command 中的 ./app --config.path = config.json 是web服务的启动命令
配置完启动docker-compose
docker-compose up
如果出现了:wait-for.sh 没有执行权限的问题可以先进行授权:
chmod 777 wait-for.sh
此时重新执行:
docker-compose up
成功!
好好学习,天天向上!